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Cake day: October 12th, 2024

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  • Air is dangerous as well. A hydraulic system quickly loses energy on failure because oil is nearly incompressible.

    Compressed gases or liquids that are beyond their boiling point at atmospheric pressure store a lot more energy at pressure and release it a lot more violently than hydraulics when experiencing a surprise decompression.

    Let’s take a 100 liter compressor tank that’s buffering at 10 bar:

    For an isothermal expansion from high pressure to atmospheric pressure, the energy is:

    E = P₁V₁ ln(P₁/P₀)

    Where:

    P₁ = 10 bar = 1.0 MPa

    V₁ = 100 liters = 0.1 m³

    P₀ = 1 bar = 0.1 MPa (atmospheric pressure)

    E = (1.0 × 10⁶ Pa)(0.1 m³) ln(10)

    E = 100,000 J × 2.303 E = 230,300 J (or about 230 kJ)

    TNT releases approximately 4.6 MJ/kg of energy. 230,300 J ÷ 4,600,000 J/kg = 0.05 kg or 50 grams of TNT

    Of course a tank rupturing will expand a lot slower than TNT, but the energy is the same and when half of the tank shell points towards some offices next to the workshop, the first three walls will be impressed pretty much the same way by the suddenly very agitated piece of steel.

    Had an air tank fall over in a stupid way during refilling at our local fire station last year. Valve broke off at nearly 270 bar and the thing went off. Now there are new rules, new indents in the concrete walls and at least one fireman that reacts a bit jumpy to “clang” like sounds.